Novartis AG is a global healthcare enterprise dedicated to the discovery, development, production, and distribution of medical products across the world. The company operates through two main divisions: Innovative Medicines and Sandoz. Its Innovative Medicines segment provides prescription drugs to both patients and healthcare professionals, addressing a wide array of therapeutic areas such as ophthalmology, neuroscience, immunology, hepatology, dermatology, respiratory health, cardiovascular conditions, renal disorders, and metabolic diseases. The Sandoz division is responsible for the formulation, manufacturing, and commercialization of finished dosage form medicines. It also supplies active pharmaceutical ingredients and completed small molecule pharmaceuticals to other entities, in addition to offering retail generic drugs and anti-infectives. Furthermore, Sandoz provides crucial pharmaceutical intermediates and active ingredients, predominantly antibiotics, as well as protein- and biotechnology-derived products, including biosimilars, and offers biotechnology manufacturing services. Novartis AG also engages in strategic alliances, notably a licensing and collaboration deal with Alnylam Pharmaceuticals for the development, production, and marketing of inclisiran. Additionally, it holds a clinical partnership with Kura Oncology, Inc. to assess the combined efficacy of Tipifarnib and Alpelisib in patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Founded in 1996, the company is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.